1.英美文化常识
一。（一）美国货币
美国货币由美元dollar和美分cent组成，one dollar等于100 cents。其纸币bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬币（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。在数字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在数字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分组成的钱数时，常用$表示，如：$6.50。
（二）英国货币
英国货币由英镑（pound）和便士（pence）组成，也分为纸币notes和硬币coins。纸币有面值五镑、十镑、二十镑和五十镑；而硬币，即金属货币有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一镑等。若指一定数额的硬币，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；随身带的硬币可用change表示。100 pence等于1 pound。在数字前加￡表示多少英镑，如：￡800为800英镑；在数字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的复数）；表示由英镑和便士组成的钱数时通常不说出pence，如3镑50便士可说成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
2.英美文化知识
一。
（一）美国货币 美国货币由美元dollar和美分cent组成，one dollar等于100 cents。其纸币bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬币（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。
在数字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在数字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分组成的钱数时，常用$表示，如：$6.50。 （二）英国货币 英国货币由英镑（pound）和便士（pence）组成，也分为纸币notes和硬币coins。
纸币有面值五镑、十镑、二十镑和五十镑；而硬币，即金属货币有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一镑等。若指一定数额的硬币，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；随身带的硬币可用change表示。
100 pence等于1 pound。在数字前加￡表示多少英镑，如：￡800为800英镑；在数字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的复数）；表示由英镑和便士组成的钱数时通常不说出pence，如3镑50便士可说成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
3.英美文化常识
一。
（一）美国货币美国货币由美元dollar和美分cent组成，one dollar等于100 cents。其纸币bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬币（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。
在数字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在数字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分组成的钱数时，常用$表示，如：$6.50。 （二）英国货币 英国货币由英镑（pound）和便士（pence）组成，也分为纸币notes和硬币coins。
纸币有面值五镑、十镑、二十镑和五十镑；而硬币，即金属货币有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一镑等。若指一定数额的硬币，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；随身带的硬币可用change表示。
100 pence等于1 pound。在数字前加￡表示多少英镑，如：￡800为800英镑；在数字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的复数）；表示由英镑和便士组成的钱数时通常不说出pence，如3镑50便士可说成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
4.有关英美文学的知识
1. The work that presented , for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely______. A. William Langland ' Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower'Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightAnswer: B2. The tragedy of Dr.Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe's The Tragic History of Dr.Faustus, is the very face that_____.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan WarAnswer: A3. Here are two lines from a ling poem: "Upon a great adventure he was bond, That greatest Gloriana to him gave." The poem must be_____.A. BeowulfB. John Milton's Samson AgonistesC. Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a County ChurchyardD. Edmund Spenser's The Faerie QueeneAnswer: D4. Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality , order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual's feeling and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its modelsAnswer: A5. When he writes, in An Essay on Criticism, "A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, / Is like a clown in regal purple dressed", Alexander Poppe means that __________.A. pompous words are always destructive to good tasteB. the purple colour is for the royal only and it is ridiculous to dress a clown in purpleC. conceits are always misleadingD. true wit is best in a plain styleAnswer: D。
5.英国文化知识
Let's Learn About England一IntroductionThe British Isles have a rich history going back thousands of years.The history of the United Kingdom includes also the history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The history is full of invaders, wars, rulers. 二The Kings and Queens Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separated.Following the Accession of King James VI of Scotland (I of England) to the English Throne. From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.三The best known Queen: Elizabeth gave the name to a golden age of poets, statesmen and adventurers. Known as the Virgin Queen, or Gloriana.四The best known King:Claims to the throne of France led to the Hundred Years' War and the loss of almost all the large English territory in France. Eduard III五The Historical Flag When King James VI of Scotland ascended to the English throne, thereby becoming James I of England, the national flags of England and Scotland on land continued to be.Flagś crossesThe Union Jack/Flag includes the Cross of St. George (England), the Cross of St. Andrew (Scotland) and the Cross of St. Patrick (Ireland). 六The Most Important WarsThe Hundred Years War 1336-1565 Wars of the Roses 1455-1487Civil War 1642-1645 Boer War 1901-1902World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945 七Walesa Celtic land of mountains and coalNorthern IrelandIt is clear today that the Irish problem has not been solved. Northern Protestants feel they have a right to determine their own future democratically. Northern Catholics feel they have the right to be part of a united Ireland. 八ScotlandAn English army arrived to relieve the Scots siege of Stirling. Bruce defeated the English army under Edward II, who was lucky to escape with his life. The Scots victory at the Battle of Bannockburn secured complete Scots independence.九EnglandEngland has always played an important role in the worldś economy and business.十Historical Monumentthe name of a very remarkable ancient monument in England It consists of a great collection of stones 十一A Few Facts About EnglandEngland is part of the United Kingdom which is made up of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.England is part of the European Union.The capital of England is London.The money used is called the pound.The population of England is 60,776,238.The language spoken is English.十二Let's visit some important cities in England.Oxford University and the University of Cambridge are both famous around the world.十三England's Important People Famous authors - Beatrix Potter, Roald Dahl and J.K. RowlingWilliam Shakespeare - famous for writing playsQueen Elizabeth and the royal familyThe Beatles -famous singing group who became popular in the 1960sDido – English Singer十四What English Kids DoEnglish kids like to play football, cricket, tennis and netball.Many kids belong to clubs like scouts, judo, karate and church clubs.Kids also like to skateboard, watch TV, ride bicycles and play computer games. Kids in the cities spend time in the many museums.F十五amous Sights in EnglandBig Ben ClockWestminster AbbeyTower of LondonLondon EyeTrafalgar SquareBuckingham Palace 十六Visit the Sights in the Harry Potter Books!!Go to this website for information on places that are important to find - /Funtodo/England/visitharrypottersites.htmKing's Cross StationLondon ZooAlnwick CastleGloucester CathedralLacock Abbey十七What the English Like to EatFish and chipsTea and biscuits。
6.有关英美文化的英语知识
英语国家中传统的文娱和体育活动：棒球、橄榄球等；英国：4月23日/7月---戏剧节--为纪念莎士比亚而举行的盛大文娱活动英语国家中重要的节假日：圣诞节---12月25日，情人节----2月14日；感恩节—11月的第四个星期四开始，持续四天感恩节每年11月的最后一个星期四是感恩节 （Thanksgiving Day） 。
感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是倍感亲切。 感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。
1620年，著名的“五月花”号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害的清教徒102人到达美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他们遇到了难以想象的困难，处在饥寒交迫之中，冬天过去时，活下来的移民只有50来人。
这时，心地善良的印第安人给移民送来了生活必需品，还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的帮助下，移民们终于获得了丰收，在欢庆丰收的日子，按照宗教传统习俗，移民规定了感谢上帝的日子，并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助，邀请他们一同庆祝节日。
在第一个感恩节的这一天，印第安人和移民欢聚一堂，他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮，列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子，虔诚地向上帝表达谢意，然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。第二天和第三天又举行了摔跤、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。
第一个感恩节非常成功。其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年，一直保留到今天。
初时感恩节没有固定日期，由各州临时决定。直到美国独立后的1863年，林肯总统宣布感恩节为全国性节日。
习 俗 每逢感恩节这一天，美国举国上下热闹非常，人们按照习俗前往教堂做感恩祈祷，城乡市镇到处举行化装游行、戏剧表演和体育比赛等，学校和商店也都按规定放假体息。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装，画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。
散居在他乡外地的家人也会回家过节，一家人团团围坐在一起，大嚼美味火鸡。 同时，好客的美国人也忘不掉这一天邀请好友、单身汉或远离家乡的入共度佳节。
从18世纪起，美国就开始出现一种给贫穷人家送一篮子食物的风俗。当时有一群年轻妇女想在一年中选一天专门做善事，认为选定感恩节是最恰当不过的。
所以感恩节一到，她们就装上满清一篮食物亲自送到穷人家。这件事远近传闻，不久就有许多人学着她们的样子做起来。
美 食 美国人一年中最重视的一餐，就是感恩节的晚宴。在美国这个生活节奏很快，竞争激烈的国度里，平日的饮食极为简单。
但在感恩节的夜晚，家家户户都大办筵席，物品之丰盛，令人咋舌。在节日的餐桌上，上至总统，下至庶民，火鸡和南瓜饼都是必备的。
因此，感恩节也被称为“火鸡节”。 感恩节的食品富有传统特色。
火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜，它原是栖息于北美洲的野禽，后经人们大批饲养，成为美味家禽，每只可重达四五十磅。通常是把火鸡肚子里塞上各种调料和拌好的食品，然后整只烤出，鸡皮烤成深棕色，由男主人用刀切成薄片分给大家。
然后由各人自己浇上卤汁，洒上盐，味道十分鲜美。此外，感恩节的传统食品还有甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜饼、红莓苔子果酱、自己烘烤的面包及各种蔬菜和水果等。
游 戏 感恩节宴会后，有些家庭还常常做些传统游戏。第一次感恩节，人们进行了跳舞、比赛等许多娱乐活动，其中有些一直流传至今。
有种游戏叫蔓越桔竞赛，是把一个装有蔓越桔的大碗放在地上，4-10名竞赛者围坐在周围，每人发给针线一份。比赛一开始，他们先穿针线，然后把蔓越桔一个个串起来，3分钟一到；谁串得最长，谁就得奖。
至于穿得最慢的人，大家还开玩笑地发给他一个最差奖。 还有一种玉米游戏也很古老。
据说这是为了纪念当年在粮食匮乏的情况下发给每个移民五个玉米而流传下来的。游戏时。
人们把五个玉米藏在屋里，由大家分头去找，找到玉米的五个人参加比赛，其他人在一旁观看。比赛开始，五个人就迅速把玉米粒剥在一个碗里，谁先剥完谁得奖，然后由没有参加比赛的人围在碗旁边猜里面有多少玉米粒，猜得数量最接近的奖给一大意爆玉米花。
人们最喜爱的游戏要算南瓜赛跑了。比赛者用一把小勺推着南瓜跑，规则是绝对不能用手碰南瓜，先到终点者获奖。
比赛用的勺子越小，游戏就越有意思。 除去这些活动外，有些家庭在节日里驱车到乡间去郊游，或是坐飞机出去旅行，特别是当年移民们安家落户的地方——普利茅斯港更是游客们向往的所在。
在那里，可以看到按照“五月花”号仿制的船和普利茅斯石，还可以花几个小时在移民村里参观。移民村是仿照当年的样子建成的。
参观时，还有专门人员扮成请教徒同游客们谈天，给人以身临其境的感觉。 多少年来，庆祝感恩节的习俗代代相传，无论在岩石嶙峋的西海岸还是在风光旖旎的夏威夷，人们几乎在以同样的方式欢度感恩节，感恩节是不论何种信仰、何种民族的美国人都庆祝的传统节日。
圣诞节12月25日这一天，各教会都会分别举行崇拜仪式。天主教与东正教举行圣诞弥撤，新教举行圣诞礼拜。
有些教会的庆祝活动 从午夜零点就开始。除崇拜仪式外，还演出圣诞剧，表演 耶稣降生的故事。
圣诞起源据。
7.英国文化知识
Let's Learn About England一IntroductionThe British Isles have a rich history going back thousands of years.The history of the United Kingdom includes also the history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The history is full of invaders, wars, rulers. 二The Kings and Queens Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separated.Following the Accession of King James VI of Scotland (I of England) to the English Throne. From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.三The best known Queen: Elizabeth gave the name to a golden age of poets, statesmen and adventurers. Known as the Virgin Queen, or Gloriana.四The best known King:Claims to the throne of France led to the Hundred Years' War and the loss of almost all the large English territory in France. Eduard III五The Historical Flag When King James VI of Scotland ascended to the English throne, thereby becoming James I of England, the national flags of England and Scotland on land continued to be.Flagś crossesThe Union Jack/Flag includes the Cross of St. George (England), the Cross of St. Andrew (Scotland) and the Cross of St. Patrick (Ireland). 六The Most Important WarsThe Hundred Years War 1336-1565 Wars of the Roses 1455-1487Civil War 1642-1645 Boer War 1901-1902World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945 七Walesa Celtic land of mountains and coalNorthern IrelandIt is clear today that the Irish problem has not been solved. Northern Protestants feel they have a right to determine their own future democratically. Northern Catholics feel they have the right to be part of a united Ireland. 八ScotlandAn English army arrived to relieve the Scots siege of Stirling. Bruce defeated the English army under Edward II, who was lucky to escape with his life. The Scots victory at the Battle of Bannockburn secured complete Scots independence.九EnglandEngland has always played an important role in the worldś economy and business.十Historical Monumentthe name of a very remarkable ancient monument in England It consists of a great collection of stones 十一A Few Facts About EnglandEngland is part of the United Kingdom which is made up of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.England is part of the European Union.The capital of England is London.The money used is called the pound.The population of England is 60,776,238.The language spoken is English.十二Let's visit some important cities in England.Oxford University and the University of Cambridge are both famous around the world.十三England's Important People Famous authors - Beatrix Potter, Roald Dahl and J.K. RowlingWilliam Shakespeare - famous for writing playsQueen Elizabeth and the royal familyThe Beatles -famous singing group who became popular in the 1960sDido – English Singer十四What English Kids DoEnglish kids like to play football, cricket, tennis and netball.Many kids belong to clubs like scouts, judo, karate and church clubs.Kids also like to skateboard, watch TV, ride bicycles and play computer games. Kids in the cities spend time in the many museums.F十五amous Sights in EnglandBig Ben ClockWestminster AbbeyTower of LondonLondon EyeTrafalgar SquareBuckingham Palace 十六Visit the Sights in the Harry Potter Books!!Go to this website for information on places that are important to find - /Funtodo/England/visitharrypottersites.htmKing's Cross StationLondon ZooAlnwick CastleGloucester CathedralLacock Abbey十七What the English Like to EatFish and chipsTea and biscuits。
8.有关英美文学的知识
1. The work that presented , for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely______. A. William Langland ' Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower'Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightAnswer: B2. The tragedy of Dr.Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe's The Tragic History of Dr.Faustus, is the very face that_____.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan WarAnswer: A3. Here are two lines from a ling poem: "Upon a great adventure he was bond, That greatest Gloriana to him gave." The poem must be_____.A. BeowulfB. John Milton's Samson AgonistesC. Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a County ChurchyardD. Edmund Spenser's The Faerie QueeneAnswer: D4. Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality , order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual's feeling and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its modelsAnswer: A5. When he writes, in An Essay on Criticism, "A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, / Is like a clown in regal purple dressed", Alexander Poppe means that __________.A. pompous words are always destructive to good tasteB. the purple colour is for the royal only and it is ridiculous to dress a clown in purpleC. conceits are always misleadingD. true wit is best in a plain styleAnswer: D。
